*People with allergies produce ten times more IgE than those people without allergies. False 3. IgG antibodies bind to pathogens, activate the compliment and enhance phagocytosis. A disease causing organism is called at what? False 2. Section: 07.03, The acquired defense system only recognizes and destroys cells with antigens that come from outside the body. B. keeps the pie chilled before serving it. antibodies. OSHA is responsible for the general safety and well-being of employees in almost all workplace environments and is a part of the United States Department of Labor, "In regards to bloodborne pathogen awareness and exposure prevention, you are held to the level of accountability as any other person working in the healthcare setting.". True or false: Infectious diseases can be spread by any of the following ways except: The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: The virus that causes __________ also causes itchy, red bumps. Which of the following would be a virulence factor of a pathogen? A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. neutrophils Section: 07.05, Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease? which of the following is a pathogen, risk is often presented as _________, which is a measure of the statistical likelihood that something will occur, generally speaking, as economic development occurs, the risk of exposure to indoor air pollution _______, and the impact of over consumption of food and tobacco _________, advocates of environmental justice seek which of the following, risks related to development spread evenly across all populations, You are working with a chemical, so to educate yourself about the chemical's hazard, you read its material safety data sheet (MSDS) the msds indicates that the LD50 for the chemical is 5 grams per kilogram body weight this LD50 indicates that____, Half of the animals tested died when given that dose of the chemical, Which of the following is a cryonic effect of exposure to a toxin, The process of risk assessment includes all of the following except, Weighing the risk against economic, social, and legal considerations, Although bisphenol (BPA) is found in plastics sold in the United States, the chemical has been banned in many countries because it is, thalidomide was banned because it was determined to be, leaded paint and gasoline are longer available in the US because lead is, which of the following pollutants is/are readily dissolved and transported in water, which of the following organisms runs the highest risk of harm as a result of the biological magnification of pollutants, which of the following diseases is spread via water containing infected human waste, how can a flu virus be more dangerous than the ebola virus, individuals infected with a flu virus tend to travel and spread the disease before they get sick, benefits that we draw from the environment, what disease is expected to become more widespread as a result of global climate change, prevent disease outbreaks and harm from natural disasters, air pollution causes considerable harm to human health, based on your understanding of how air pollution affects people, which of the following examples is most likely to cause harm, a carcinogen is released from gasoline while a car is being filled. *The inflammatory response occurs after the pathogen has entered the body. Symptoms: nausea and migraine. False, True sAR@`c&bChM=U,:n^W#*@'P|P\(Fdhv '?t2.qzM57r%e %KO%Li'[Tqo\,j6m You also discover that it targets liver cells. thyroid and tonsils Can you place a Media in multiple MediaPlayers? they are lost as we age. *Monocytes become macrophages once they enter the tissues. *Hay fever is a hypersensitivity. plasma cell True Leishmania (Leishmaniasis) This problem has been solved! If the acupuncture needles are not sterile, pathogens could enter skin tissue or blood vessels, potentially initiating an infection. They are both forms of an infection. A Cold and flu <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 816.96] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> 1. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. bacteria The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: A mucous membranes. 7. What is the similarity between mitosis and meiosis? 32. HBV is known to have survived in dried blood for up to ____ days and pose a serious risk of exposure during that time. Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. all of the following may contribute to urinary tract infections except? 33 Which of the following protozoan supergroup - pathogen pairs is incorrect? plasma cells form; B cell activated; B cell divides; antigen binds to BCR - B cells - antibodies - T-Cells - inflammation 2 See answers Advertisement True or false: histamine Rhino virus True or False: Breast milk is considered a possible transmission source of bloodborne pathogens. - 12838571. alexis1713 alexis1713 06/18/2019 Health Middle School answered Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? You have recently identified a new toxin. It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. OSHA mandates that all employers are required to provide the Hepatits B vaccination to employees free of charge. What is one disease most children are vaccinated against? 27. T cells can recognize antigens because they I will be given an exposure plan by my clinical instructor/coordinator detailing what steps I should take if I am exposed to a potentially infectious source while at my clinical site. OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030 is directed towards which healthcare concern? What type of response is this? P. aeruginosa usually causes localized ear and eye infections but can cause pneumonia or septicemia in vulnerable individuals like newborn babies. If clearly labeled, food and drink are permitted in areas where BBP exposures may occur. Simple one-celled organisms that are the most powerful pathogens are what? Molecular Kochs postulates are used to determine what genes contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. *(a) gas-liquid. pa help po sagutan 10 words lang po ok na po thanks po Some helminths are so large that the immune system is ineffective against them. Ability to adhere to, colonize, or invade the host 3. malaria, AIDS helps other immune responses. How can normal flora be a barrier to entry? Which of the following is NOT considered a bloodborne pathogen? Through a drop of infected blood on healthy skin. Which of the following are most likely to be. 100% (2 ratings) 8) e) Mannose-binding lectin because this protein plays a very crucial role in the activation of the complementation pathway called the lectin pathway. The length of each rod is about the same: assume 55cm55 \mathrm{~cm}55cm. nonspecific Section: 07.03, What two sites are involved in the production and maturation of T lymphocytes? *Inflammation and the release of histamine is part of the body's innate defenses. *IgM antibodies activate the complement and clump cells. A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? D Protozoa, Which two diseases can be life threatening? 22. Section: 07.01. The electric component of a beam of polarized light is Ey=(5.00V/m)sin[(1.00106m1)z+t]E_y=(5.00V/m)\sin[(1.00 \times 10^6 m^{-1})z + \omega t]Ey=(5.00V/m)sin[(1.00106m1)z+t]. IgG memory cell adaptive, innate tonsils and bone marrow, thymus and bone marrow Some fungi produce toxins and exoenzymes involved in disease production and capsules that provide protection of phagocytosis. List the types of substances to which each of the following chromatographic methods is most applicable: False, False Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? Section: 07.04, Before working at the hospital, Beth was given a Mantoux skin test to detect tuberculosis. False, True (b) In terms of quantity of pathogen, in what way are these periods different? *In active immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens and in passive immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. Section: 07.02, What cell types are involved in the inflammatory response? Period of decline = pathogen particles start to decline - slightly less than maximum Diseases can either be noninfectious (due to genetics and environment) or infectious (due to pathogens). Which of the following are small cell masses where protective cells are stored? 31. The word pathogen can be defined as: a. all microrganisms b. all disease-causing microorganisms c. all insects d. all microscopic particles Definition b. all disease-causing microorganisms Term Which of the following is NOT an example of biohazard? i0g:M&$"w I4EBKLVE^Jqrv>A5N\ (b) liquid partition. Two periods of acute disease are the periods of illness and period of decline. If all the words in a sentence are correct, write C after the sentence. - virulence by inducing host cells to self destruct rheumatoid arthritis microorganisms that cause disease varicella zoster is the cause of chickenpox hiv is the causative agent of AIDS Vectors include insects some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the a. urinary tract b. respiratory tract c. colob d. circulatory system c. Colon A) alveolar macrophage - lungs B) microglial cells - brain True 4. 35. True Section: 07.02. a form of immune deficiency, anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body What is the intensity of this light? Protozoa adhere to target cells through complex mechanisms and can cause cellular damage through release of cytopathic substances. 83209Bi{ }_{83}^{209} \mathrm{Bi}83209Bi or 96242Cm{ }_{96}^{242} \mathrm{Cm}96242Cm. A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. which biological agent is not considered by terrorist for the mass destruction of people? Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. CINO2CINO_2CINO2 (NNN is the central atom), a harmful condition that is spread from one living thing to another. What are pathogens? You have recently identified a new toxin. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. (a) How are these toxins similar? 23. B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; plasma cells form Laws against___ have been challenged in court on the grounds that they violate one's constitutional rights. IgG c. employers must have written airborne pathogen exposure control plans I'm workspace. The page below is a sample from the LabCE course OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens. B. capsule Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. 1. Some have glycans on their surface which the immune system fails to recognize. "As a student, I am NOT required to receive the Hepatitis B vaccination prior to starting my clinical rotations. A) the sticking of monocytes to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection. This category is best described by which of the following? False, False 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. We]D!DTJewEj(dd.v,"t?huBwh7Vr5qjazNlAZO;8?&EToAb#xBxjzl?ch"x\}CAASM{Pj\^ViATinfMi\k+>!aOi/_gw]6/U)M~+ 8c Zj-L*c. *Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and T lymphocytes travel to the thymus to mature. D Polio, Which disease is often called the "kissing disease" because you can get it from contact with saliva? does Chronic fatigue syndrome have a cure? How long till Hepatitis B shows symptoms? All of the following are major forms of disease transmission except? *The Major Histocompatibility Complex antigens must match to avoid rejection of the transplant. <> Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Kochs postulates? Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. Describe the virulence factors associated with the fungal pathogen Aspergillus. what is the function of human lymphatic system? Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? Describe how molecular Kochs postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. Bacterial toxins include endotoxin and exotoxins. is part of the inflammatory response. *The complement proteins "complement" certain other immune responses. One set of the body's defenses are called "innate." Humoral immunity: The B-cells produce an army of proteins is response to the pathogen. -An employee who is exposed to a pathogen during the course of regular work duties. endobj a type of white blood cell Which of the following must a pathogen possess in order for it to be successful at causing infectious disease? Organisms that carry and pass on the pathogen without getting the disease, some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the, the most important way to stop the spread of infection is through. Simgle-celled microscopic animals that realease enzymes or toxing that destroy cells are called what? In each of the following sentences, cross out any incorrect word and write the correct word above it. Which of the following statements about the treatment of viruses is not true? *The purpose of a vaccination is to prevent an infection by causing active immunity. 7zP$>O Zcm62b* . Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. If you have a __________, you literally have a plant living on your body. Neglect rolling friction. Section: 07.02, The membrane attack complex of the complement system is not effective against viruses. The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. They are both forms of an immune deficiency. Myasthenia gravis develops when antibodies attach to and interfere with the function of neuromuscular junctions. C Mumps Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase? (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? Which pathogen is non-living? These cells provide two types of acquired immunity: 1. 35 Questions Show answers Question 1 10 seconds Q. Section: 07.03, Cytotoxic T cells contain what type of molecules that punch holes in the plasma membranes of potential pathogens? IgG Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Introduction to Sports Medicine and Athletic Training, April Lynch, Jerome Kotecki, Karen Vail-Smith, Laura Bonazzoli, Janet L. Hopson, Rebecca J. Donatelle, Tanya R. Littrell. complimentary TCR, BCR epinephrine Which of the following are considered Universal Precautions? (c) The number of pathogen particles began to decline/die off. A __________ cannot live without its host for very long. It does not grow in the absence of oxygen. 2. Example: The tounsts had an appomtment to meet with their nation's $\overset{\text{consul}}{\cancel{\text{counsel}}}$. immediate allergic which of the following is a pathogen, risk is often presented as _____, which is a measure of the statistical likelihood that something will occur, generally speaking, as economic development occurs, the risk of exposure to indoor air pollution _____, and the impact . B Measles a type of sking infection spread by direct skin-to-skin contact is what? False, False In this context, this means Definition. Which virus may be a contrututing factor in the development of cervical cancer? True They release histamine which causes blood vessels to become permeable. IgE, IgM OSHA mandates that all employers are required to develop an Exposure Plan outlining what steps are to be taken to prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Explain how helminths evade the immune system. active Which of the following is NOT a way for pathogens to enter the body? D Polio, Which pathogen cannot be cured with antibiotics? They are not as easily treated compared with those involving free-floating (or planktonic) bacteria. 1. helps other immune responses. 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. Cytokines are being investigated for a possible treatment of which disease? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Bloodborne diseases are most commonly spread through mother-to-child transmission, unprotected sex, and:, Which of the following describes proper use of PPE to safeguard against exposure to bloodborne pathogens?, If you are exposed to a bloodborne pathogen while at work, your employer must offer you post-exposure evaluation and . All of the following are effective strategies for preventing the common cold, except? *Autoimmune diseases can be genetic or environmental. Which type of disease is this? C Athlete's foot and ringworm True The adaptive immune response includes: humoral immune response, cell-mediated immune response Identify the similarities and differences between a lake and a stream. plasma cells form; B cell divides; B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR, antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form A Protozoans The body's immune system will react the same was as it did during the first exposure. Section: 07.05, An allergic response is an over reaction of the immune system. 2 Q One-celled plants and animals are called: unicells. How many people die each year from HCV related liver failure? Define the viscosity and osmolarity of blood. although standard precautions apply to all potentially infections situations, TBPs are chosen based on the potential means of transmission of the disease or condition. -Cough etiquette Treating all human materials as if to be infected with bloodborne pathogens is called. Devise an arrangement of mirrors allowing you to see the back of your head. mycoses. A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. Viruses are treated with antibiotics. Describe the motion of air particles inside an inflated balloon. C Fungi Tuberculosis, rheumatic fever red blood cells, macrophages A Bacteria Answer- Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms . We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. 11. acid pH of stomach Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brian's case. ten percent bleach used as a cleaning agent should be made fresh every the continous links in the chain of infection in order, source, means if transmission, and susceptible host. Likewise, hand washing does not eliminate the need for the use of gloves. Which pathogen is most virulent? Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. A Strep throat Certain complement proteins kill foreign microbes by active all of the following are true statements concerning mononucleosis except? promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. people who were recently vaccinated for the flu. have enzymes which react with antigens. Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. A person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen. B red blood cells. answer choices Virus Bacteria Fungi Parasite/Protist They are all alive Question 2 10 seconds Q. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. pain What does this mean for the movement of this chemical through the environment? Section: 07.02, Monocytes become what type of cell in the tissue? <>>> creating interferon. eosinophils and neutrophils period of decline, during which the number of pathogen particles begins to decrease, and the signs and symptoms of illness begin to decline. *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. *IgM antibodies are the first produced by a plasma cell. Thaks po Advertisement Advertisement New questions in Science. Proper and regular hand washing is the key to the prevention of the spread of nosocomial infections, "According to the 2011 Tork Report, you come in contact with 300 surfaces every 30 minutes exposing you to ___________ germs! Which of the following are considered Personal Protective Equipment or PPE? B Mumps and measles 16. All of the following groups are among the most vulnerable to infectious illnesses except? 3. Safety glasses are not necessary when working with BBP? What does this evidence tell you about this chemical? *(e) gel permeation. The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. Section: 07.02, Inflammation is normally a self-limiting process. inflammatory response, inflammatory response sebaceous secretions AIDS agglutinating them. Noise b. basophils pneumonia False, False *Neutrophils and macrophages are the main cells involved in the inflammatory response. a. Feces and urine c. Amniotic fluid b. Fluid surrounding heart and lungs d. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. Calculate the outside air temperature. True thymus and bone marrow During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patients gum with a sharp instrument. Any visible signs of illness could affect the observations made. Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? (f) gel filtration. C Protozoa *The antigen first binds to the B-cell receptor (BCR) to activate antibody-mediated immunity. Explain why each of these is important for human survival. A bacterial infection called lyme disease is spread by what? the . Apply. neutrophils and macrophages *The spleen cleanses the blood. A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? mononucleosis is most common amoung the elderly. The EPS can act as an absorbent, reducing the amount of antibiotic that can attack the bacterial cells. MTBE and gasoline leak from old tanks, then the MTBE dissolved into water and moves through soils into groundwater. This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. On encountering the pathogen, B-cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies into our blood. *(c) ion. False, True Approximately how many people in New Mexico are infected with the HIV and/or AIDS? Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? Discuss in view of the relativity principle (that there is no best reference frame). Some infections cause disease, which is any deviation from the normal function or structure of the host. Pathogens are microorganisms that cure disease. Which of the following is not a vaccine recommended for college students? B Fungi C white blood cells. B. leprosy-is a Mycobacterium leprae (a slow growing bacteria) #CarryOnLearning. u|m_0 O0"Nff ~#e Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? Is salt and pepper a heterogeneous mixture? IgD What is the name of the lymphatic vessels located in the small intestines? {H(Iq4fU{dwYVH@hi!XM!9/fiTxUyf+0v Aq]e;-yTzY7&#wcYk#Doyiclr"c!C Which pathogen needs a host cell to reproduce? Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. hepatitis (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? If the lymph system did not do its job, what would be one of the consequences? Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. Check all that apply Activation or inactivation of host cell DNA Binding to RNAs that silence genes Affect host cell DNA that is responsible for cytoskeleton organization Exchange of capsule genes between pathogen and host cell Secretion of . Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. *:Q ]+]lroYQ-Q$2B&qQ1pLOQ;tg# . C. Plasmodium P. aeruginosa usually causes localized ear and eye infections but can cause pneumonia or septicemia in vulnerable individuals like newborn babies. Which of the following is defined as a plant or animal so small it can only be seen with a microscope? Exotoxins are proteins secreted mainly by gram-positive bacteria. a set of barrier mechanisms that adapts to specific pathogens after repeated exposure. The four main functions of inflammation are to protect the body from further damage, remove damaged tissue, repair tissue damage, and prevent the spread of infection. B. Cryptococcus It is important to understand and follow your employer's policies regarding bloodborne pathogens. Noise Term Determine the free-vibration response of the triple pendulum shown in given figure for li=l(i=1,2,3)l_i=l(i=1,2,3)li=l(i=1,2,3) and mi=m(i=1,2,3)m_i=m(i=1,2,3)mi=m(i=1,2,3) for the initial conditions 1(0)=2(0)=0\theta_1(0)=\theta_2(0)=01(0)=2(0)=0, 3(0)=30,i(0)=0(i=1,2,3)\theta_3(0)=\theta_{30}, \dot{\theta}_i(0)=0(i=1,2,3)3(0)=30,i(0)=0(i=1,2,3). - it is an opportunistic pathogen Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase? It is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. Legal. (b) How do they differ? mucous membranes % D Strep throat and pneumonia, __________ are single celled organisms. The body can only be exposed to a pathogen a second time if you do not have a vaccine. They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brians case. cytokines. a. pathogens b. nonpathogens c. opportunistic pathogens d. indigenous microflora e. saprophytes: Term. intact skin D Viruses, Which childhood disease causes infantile paralysis? -Hand washing Consider an airplane flying at a pressure altitude of 33,500 ft and a density altitude of 32,000 ft. Small parasitic worms that attack specific tissues or organs are known as what? TCR Microbe c. Protozoa b. Bacteria d. Fungii ____ 2. (a) The patient exhibits the signs and symptoms of the disease in both of these periods. period of illness = the time at which the signs and symptoms of disease are most obvious and severe. They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. Lymph capillaries drain directly into the right lymphatic duct. One of the most important steps I can take to prevent exposure to bloodborn pathogens is to be mindful of my surroundings at all times in the clinical setting. This should be quickly treated with (b) Would the toxin be able to cause diarrhea? False, False Multiple Choice Cryptococcus neoformans causes a systemic infection primarily involving the gastrointestinal tract; this fungus always grows as a large. they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. *When an injury is not serious, the inflammatory response is short-lived and the healing process will quickly return the affected area to the normal state. a. the chemical forms a gas that is inhaled and travels deep into the lungs, Viruses regularly move between animals and humans in mayor but dangerous cases a brothers may undergo a genetic change that increases its risk of causing serious disease in human populations of the following changes in human animal interactions could reasonably be expected to increase the risk of human harm due to virus exposure, Humans now raise large number of animals for food, A medical facility stores material that produce out for radiation these materials are located in room surrounded by thin wooden walls what are the specific rest to a worker walking just outside the room, tobacco smoke is a teratogen.